Nokia

Nokia is a Finnish multinational telecommunications, information technology, and consumer electronics company. Founded in Tampere as a paper mill in 1865, Nokia has reinvented itself multiple times throughout its history, evolving from rubber products and cables to become the world's largest mobile phone manufacturer in the early 2000s before transforming again into a telecommunications infrastructure provider. Today, Nokia focuses primarily on network equipment, software, and services for telecommunications service providers, enterprises, and the public sector. The company is a leading global supplier of 5G technology, optical networks, fixed networks, IP routing, and submarine cable systems. Nokia's technological portfolio encompasses network infrastructure, cloud and network services, and patent licensing. Their Nokia Bell Labs research division continues the legacy of the former Bell Laboratories, pioneering innovations in communications technology, network architecture, and algorithms. Beyond telecommunications equipment, Nokia maintains a presence in the consumer market through brand licensing agreements for products like smartphones (manufactured by HMD Global), portable power banks, and smart TVs. The company emphasizes ethics, sustainability, and responsible business practices, with initiatives focused on reducing emissions, circular product design, and digital inclusion. After significant restructuring following the sale of their mobile device business to Microsoft in 2014, Nokia has re-established itself as a key player in the telecommunications infrastructure market, positioning for long-term growth through 5G deployment, industrial digitalization, and emerging technologies like private wireless networks and virtualized network solutions.